Study on the Heat Leakage Characteristics of Spacecraft Variable Density Multilayer under Variable Operating Conditions

The spacecraft thermal control technology is very important in space applications.Based on the demand of lunar exploration,a layer-by-layer calculation method is used to establish a performance simulation model of the spacecraft's multi-layer thermal insulation materials,which is verified by experiments.For the model that internal temperature is lower than external,the mechanism and the improvement magnitude of thermal insulation performance by variable density filling method were studied.The calculation results show that the heat leakage of variable density multilayer insulation can be reduced by 37.3% compared to the conventional uniform density filling method.In addition,the effects of cold boundary temperature,hot boundary temperature and vacuum on the thermal insulation performance were also analyzed.