Abstract: As the application environments for infrared detectors become increasingly demanding, greater demands are also being placed on the application of cryocoolers. To meet the application requirements of infrared detectors for rapid cooling, low power consumption, high reliability and miniaturization, a linear split-type Stirling cryocooler was developed. The cryocooler utilizes a moving-magnet linear compressor to generate the reciprocating pressure wave, with the compressor employing a dual-piston opposed configuration to reduce vibration, and the expander adopting a pneumatic-driven structure. Thermodynamic design of the cryocooler was performed based on Sage software. Key parameters such as regenerator dimensions, charging pressure, working frequency, and spring stiffness were simulated and optimized according to the design objectives, yielding the optimal operating parameters and thermodynamic results. Based on the thermodynamic calculations, the structural design and cooldown time of the cryocooler were finalized. Experimental investigations were conducted on the effects of charging pressure, working frequency, input power, and spring stiffness on the cryocooler performance, and the experimental results showed good agreement with the simulation results. The research findings indicate that under operating conditions of a charging pressure of 3.0 MPa and a working frequency of 85 Hz, the cryocooler achieves a typical cooling capacity of 1.1 W@85 K@23 ℃@DC35 W, with an overall thermodynamic efficiency of 3.23% and mass of 450 g, meeting the design and application targets.