电推进系统压力传感器干扰分析及抑制方法研究

The Research on Interference Analysis and Suppression Methods of Pressure Transmission in Electric Propulsion System

  • 摘要: 电推进作为空间先进动力系统,通过电离并加速工质气体产生推力,而工质气体的精确稳定供给是保证电推力器性能稳定达标的重要因素之一。其中压力作为电推进工质流率控制的重要参数,需要较高的稳定性和精度,而来自系统工作产生的共模干扰会影响压力传感器工作性能。论文分析了电推进系统对压力传感器共模干扰的原因和途径,研究了干扰机理,提出了在电源控制单元输入侧、压力传感器输入侧与机壳之间加入共模电容,以及在压力传感器差分信号采集正负接入电容的干扰抑制方法,解决了压力传感器受干扰问题。研究发现当接入的共模电容分别为0.01 μF和22 μF时,三个相同的压力传感器最大差值为0.00149 MPa。表明该方法对电推进系统压力传感器抗干扰抑制效果良好,并应用于相关产品。

     

    Abstract: As an advanced space propulsion system, electric propulsion generates thrust by ionizing and accelerating a gaseous propellant, commonly xenon or krypton, which serves as the working medium. The precise and stable supply of the working gas is a critical factor in ensuring the stable and standardized performance of the electric thruster, as it directly influences parameters such as specific impulse, thrust level, and overall system efficiency. Among various control parameters, the pressure of the working gas is particularly important for accurate flow rate regulation in electric propulsion systems, requiring both high stability and measurement accuracy to maintain optimal thruster operation.During system operation, however, common-mode interference originating from high-frequency switching circuits, power converters, or other electronic subsystems can adversely affect the performance of the pressure sensor. Such interference may lead to measurement deviations, signal instability, or even sensor malfunction, thereby compromising the reliability of the propulsion system. This paper systematically analyzes the origins and propagation paths of common-mode interference affecting the pressure sensor within the electric propulsion system. The interference mechanism is investigated through both theoretical modeling and experimental observation, taking into account factors such as electromagnetic coupling, ground loop effects, and power supply fluctuations.To mitigate these adverse effects, interference suppression methods are proposed and evaluated. These include the installation of common-mode capacitors between the input side of the power control unit and the pressure sensor, as well as between the input side of the pressure sensor and the system housing. Additionally, capacitors are applied across the positive and negative differential signal acquisition lines of the pressure sensor to enhance noise immunity. These measures are designed to attenuate high-frequency common-mode noise and improve signal integrity.Experimental validation was conducted under typical operating conditions. The results indicate that when common-mode capacitors with values of 0.01 μF and 22 μF were applied, the maximum pressure deviation observed among three identical pressure sensors was limited to 0.00149 MPa. This outcome demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method in suppressing common-mode interference in the pressure sensing circuit of electric propulsion systems. The approach has subsequently been implemented in related engineering products, contributing to enhanced measurement accuracy and operational reliability.

     

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