Abstract: With the development of technology, the application of the linear compressor technology shift from the areas of military, aerospace and biomedical to civilian areas gradually, the scope of application has expanded, the linear compressor technology research has increased. In order to make researchers understand the technology and development status of linear compressor, this paper describes four technologies such as the linear motor technology of linear compressor, lubrication technology of linear compressor, control technology of linear compressor and pistons and valves layout of linear compressor, analyzes and compares three kinds of linear motors structure of linear compressor, advantages and disadvantages of oil lubrication and oil-free for linear compressor, various characteristics of control technology for linear compressor, the single-sided layout of piston and three layout modes of valves for linear compressor in detail. At the same time, this paper describes the performance and development status of the linear compressor briefly.