杨刚, 谭粤, 李蔚, 等. 升压法测量静态蒸发率理论分析及试验研究[J]. 真空与低温, 2021, 27(3): 279-284. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7086.2021.03.013
引用本文: 杨刚, 谭粤, 李蔚, 等. 升压法测量静态蒸发率理论分析及试验研究[J]. 真空与低温, 2021, 27(3): 279-284. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7086.2021.03.013
YANG Gang, TAN Yue, LI Wei, et al. Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Study on Static Evaporation Rate Measured by Pressure Rise Method[J]. VACUUM AND CRYOGENICS, 2021, 27(3): 279-284. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7086.2021.03.013
Citation: YANG Gang, TAN Yue, LI Wei, et al. Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Study on Static Evaporation Rate Measured by Pressure Rise Method[J]. VACUUM AND CRYOGENICS, 2021, 27(3): 279-284. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7086.2021.03.013

升压法测量静态蒸发率理论分析及试验研究

Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Study on Static Evaporation Rate Measured by Pressure Rise Method

  • 摘要: 通过对低温介质热力性质在自然升压传热过程的理论分析,基于热力学能量守恒定律,推导出升压法测量静态蒸发率的理论计算公式。分析了测试过程中充满率和有效容积对自然升压过程的影响规律,研究了用升压法测量时24 h内各时间节点的压力变化。结果表明:"压力-时间"曲线呈线性变化且近似为正比例函数,初始充满率越大自然升压速率越慢,当充满率小于80%时,自然升压速率差值逐渐增大,当充满率大于等于80%时,升压速率相差很小;有效容积越小升压速率越快;当升压法测试时间小于6 h时,相比称重法和流量计法,对静态蒸发率的测量结果误差较大,但随着测试时间的延长相对误差呈逐渐减小趋势,当测试时间在6~24 h时,升压法测量结果较称重法和流量计法的误差均小于3%。研究结果验证了理论分析的合理性及计算公式的准确性。研究证明,采用升压法可将静态蒸发率测试时间缩减至6 h,该结果为今后标准的制修订提供了参考。

     

    Abstract: In this article,theoretical calculation formula for measuring the static evaporation rate by the pressure rise method is derived through theoretical analysis of the thermal properties of cryogenic medium in the process of natural boost heat transfer,and based on the first law of thermodynamics.By analyzing the influence of filling rate and effective volume on the natural boosting process and studying the measurement results of each time node of pressure rise method in 24 h,it can be found that the "T-P" curve is linear and approximately a positive proportion function.The higher the initial filling rate is,the slower the natural boosting rate is.When the filling rate is less than 80%,the difference of natural boost-ing rate increases gradually,whereas when the full rate is greater than or equal to 80%,the difference of the boosting rate is relatively small.Besides,the smaller the effective volume is,the faster the boosting rate is.When the testing time of boosting method is less than 6 h,the measurement error of static evaporation rate is larger than that of weighing method and flowmeter method,but the relative error decreases with the extension of testing time,while when the testing time is be-tween 6 h and 24 h,the error range of the measurement results of the pressure rise method is less than 3% compared with that of the weighing method and the flowmeter method.Therefore,the rationality of theoretical analysis and the accuracy of calculation formula are verified,and the testing time of the static evaporation rate can be reduced to 6 h,which provides a reference for the future revision of the standard.

     

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