• 低SWaP线性斯特林制冷机性能研究

    Research on Performance of Low SWaP Linear Stirling Cryocooler

    • 为满足高工作温度(HOT)制冷红外探测器极致微型化、轻量化应用需求,研制了一款低SWaP(尺寸、重量和功耗)的LS711H线性分置式斯特林制冷机。该制冷机仅重155 g,电控板仅重7.4 g,压缩机尺寸≤Φ26 mm×55.6 mm,膨胀机总长≤46 mm。采用超高频热动力学耦合技术、高效率微型动磁式直线电机技术、微型紧凑板弹簧支撑技术、电控板高集成化设计技术实现了制冷机及电控板的极致微型轻量化。在此基础上研究了运行频率、制冷温度、环境温度和制冷量等参数对制冷机性能的影响规律。试验结果表明,在自然对流条件下,制冷机在环境温度23 ℃及71 ℃时,总制冷量200 mW@150 K下的功耗分别为2.3 W和3.1 W,常温下的最大总制冷量为1129 mW@150 K。该制冷机应用于640×512 15 μm像元HOT红外探测器时,环境温度23 ℃制冷温度140 K下制冷时间为1 min 48 s,探测器的控温功耗仅为2.3 W,在环境温度−45~71 ℃展现了良好的环境适应性。

       

      Abstract: With the development of miniaturized and lightweight infrared platforms such as handheld infrared devices, unmanned aerial vehicles and precision-guided weapons, the requirements for the size, weight and power consumption of infrared detectors have become increasingly stringent. To meet the application requirements of extreme miniaturization and lightweight for infrared detectors, a Low SWaP(Size, Weight and Power)LS711H linear split Stirling cryocooler has been developed. The miniature and lightweight cooler has been achieved by adopting technologies such as ultra-high frequency thermodynamic coupling technology, high-efficiency micro moving-magnetic linear motor technology, micro compact flexure spring support technology and highly integrated design technology for the electric control panel. The influence laws of parameters such as operating frequency, cooling temperature, ambient temperature and cooling capacity on the performance of the cooler have been studied in this paper. The test results show that the cooler weighs only 155 g , and the electric control board weighs only 7.4 g. The compressor size is no more than Φ26 mm×55.6 mm, and the total length of the expander is no more than 46 mm. Under natural convection conditions, the power consumption of the cooler at 23 ℃ and 71℃ with a total cooling capacity of 200 mW at 150 K is 2.3 W and 3.1 W respectively, and the maximum total cooling capacity at room temperature is 1 129 mW at 150 K. During the temperature control stage of the LS711H cooler, the maximum vibration of the expander was 11.1 m/s2 in the axial direction, and the noise level was 31.0 dB. When the LS711H cooler is coupled with a 640×512 15 μm pixel HOT infrared detector with a focal plane temperature of 140 K at 23 ℃, the cooling time at room is 1 min 48 s, the power consumption of the detector is only 2.3 W, and it exhibits excellent environmental adaptability within the environment temperature range of −45 ℃ to 71 ℃.

       

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