Abstract: With the characteristics of wide range of operating, fast startup, easy operation and high efficiency,Stirling cryocooler has been the urgent need for space use, especially at present time. For many years hard working, so much technologies have been overcome which was the limit to the performance of Stirling crycooler, the reliability of the cryocooler is enhanced so much that it could be used in the future space mission. In this paper, the development of the structure of Stirling cryocooler is introduced. Some good references to the optimization design, improving life and reliability of the Stirling cryocooler are presented in this paper.